Surface gloss, gloss retention, and color stability of 2 nano-filled universal resin composites

Objectives: This study compared the surface gloss (SG), gloss retention (GR), and color stability (CS) of 2 universal resin composites after chemical (CA) and mechanical (MA) aging.

Materials and methods: Twenty disc-shaped samples of G-ænial A´Chord (GC-Europe) and Filtek Universal (3M-ESPE) were polished with sequential abrasive papers. For CA, specimens were stored in 1 mL of 75% ethanol for 15 days at 37°C, and readings (SG, GR, and CS) were obtained at baseline and 5, 10, and 15 days. For MA, specimens were subjected to 10,750 simulated brushing cycles. SG and CS were evaluated after every 3,583 cycles. SG was measured with a glossmeter (geometrical configuration: 60°), and values were expressed in gloss units. Color was measured with a spectrophotometer using the CIE-L*a*b* color system. The Student's t-test, 1-way analysis of variance, and Scheffé test were used for statistical analysis (α = 0.05).

Results: G-ænial presented significantly higher SG values than Filtek (p = 0.02), with GR reductions of 5.2% (CA) and 5.3% (MA) for G-ænial and 7.6% (CA) and 7.2% (MA) for Filtek. The aging protocol had no statistically significant effect on SG or GR (p = 0.25) from baseline to the final readings. G-ænial-MA presented the lowest color difference (∆E = 1.8), and G-ænial-CA and Filtek-CA had the largest changes (∆E = 8.6 and ∆E = 11.8, respectively).

Conclusion: G-ænial presented higher SG values and better CS. Both restorative materials demonstrated acceptable GR and CS. Aging protocols impacted these properties negatively.